No Porn, Better Working Memory?
Research finds porn imagery lowers cognitive function
German scientists have discovered that Internet erotica can diminish working memory. Working memory is the ability to keep information in mind while using it to complete a task or deal with a challenge. For example, it's the capacity to juggle various bits of information as you do a math problem or keep the characters straight as you read a story. It helps you hold your goal in mind, resist distractions and inhibit impulsive choices, so it's critical to learning and planning.
A consistent research finding is that addiction-related cues hinder working memory. Interestingly, alcoholics who underwent one month of training to improve working memory saw a decrease in alcohol intake and better scores on working memory. In other words, improving working memory seems to strengthen impulse control.
In the porn-imagery experiment, 28 healthy individuals performed working-memory tasks using 4 different sets of pictures, one of which was pornographic. Participants also rated the pornographic pictures with respect to sexual arousal and masturbation urges prior to, and after, pornographic picture presentation. Results showed that working memory was worst during the porn viewing and that greater arousal augmented the drop. (More of the researchers' analysis below.)
So, will you be all set if you just close the porn tabs while doing algebra? It's a good start, but keep reading.
Porn and long-term impact on concentration
The above study only measured the effects of short-term erotica use. However, addiction neuroscientists have repeatedly shown that Internet addiction produces lasting memory and concentration problems in some users.
Judging from the rapid improvements that some users often see after they quit porn, it appears that one needn't be an addict to be adversely affected.
Before we analyze the relevant research, let's consider what ex-users report about post-porn changes in concentration. (More self-reports can be found at the end of this post.):
- "This may have nothing to do with it but since I've quit my thinking and my mind have become a lot sharper. As I mentioned above I enrolled in online college classes I seriously kicked *** in these classes. My ability to retain knowledge is many times stronger and I can focus much better."
- "I have noticed I can retain pictorial information significantly better than pre-reboot. Discovered it by accident when I looked at a diagram in a text book and realised I did not need to look at it again as I could still recall the image in good detail. Can also remember faces better."
- "I am able to get more work done both at my job and in my part-time business. I can concentrate for longer."
- "I have felt massive memory improvements during the course of my reboot [abstention from masturbation to porn]. I feel like I'm mentally switched on and present for the first time in my life. I now have an attention span. I feel like for the previous 10 years I couldn't focus on anything and I couldn't remember anything."
- "[Day 68] I feel like my brain is healing. When I started this re-boot, I listed the following symptoms that I felt like weight on my shoulders:
- lack of motivation
- irritability
- brain fog
- inability to concentrate
- mood swings
- social anxiety
- Today, I am proud to state here that I no longer suffer from any of these symptoms. My moods are much more "steady". People are starting to notice. The anxiety is GONE. My concentration is crystal clear; my motivation for life is very high."
Improved concentration and memory are among the most commonly reported post-porn benefits, and they may be explained by the reversal of addiction-related brain changes. (Other frequently reported benefits after giving up highspeed porn are decreased social anxiety and depression, improved sexual performance, greater attraction to real mates, seeing potential partners as people rather sex-aids, and return to earlier sexual tastes.)
What do the scientists say?
Neuroscientists have recently isolated addiction-related brain changes that could account for cognitive impairment, such as decreased gray matter in the frontal cortex and disorganized white matter. Not surprisingly, brain studies show that Internet addicts suffer from impaired inhibitory control and increased impulsivity. (Note that while some of the Internet addiction studies discussed in this section include online erotica use, none isolate it—unlike the working memory experiment that is the subject of this post.)
Brain studies on Internet addicts also reveal another change that can impair concentration: a measurable decline in dopamine signaling. Dopamine is central to concentration, focus, motivation and memory formation, and low dopamine signaling is strongly associated with poor working memory (monkeys too) and ADHD.
It appears that inattention (which in turn impairs memory) is really caused by lack of motivation (reduced D2 dopamine receptors). Tasks seem boring or uninteresting. Decreased dopamine signaling in the brain's reward circuitry is a hallmark of all addictions.
Researchers measuring dopamine transporters in people with Internet addiction said:
Taken together, these results suggest that IAD [Internet addiction disorder] may cause serious damage to the brain and the neuroimaging findings further illustrate IAD is associated with dysfunctions in the dopaminergic brain systems. Our findings also support the claim that IAD may share similar neurobiological abnormalities with other addictive disorders.
Questionnaire-based Internet addiction studies (that is, studies without brain imaging) have also found decreased working memory, poor information processing and impaired executive control. Their results also line up with ADD/ADHD findings.
The most significant bit of evidence may come from one study, which also followed recovering Internet addicts. Brain scans showed reversal of brain changes and better cognitive function. Said one group of researchers:
After treatment, in all groups, the [Internet Addiction] score was lowered significantly ... and scores of short-term memory capacity and short-term memory span increased significantly.
In other words, perhaps a more long-term strategy is called for than just closing porn tabs while doing homework.
Cues, Cravings and Addiction
Researchers designed the current working-memory study in part because individual porn users report problems during or after Internet porn consumption, such as neglecting or forgetting responsibilities, missing appointments and losing sleep, leading to negative consequences. The scientists note that their findings might indicate the cognitive mechanisms contributing to loss of control over use of Internet porn:
Internet sex participants' executive functioning could be reduced during their engagement in Internet sex, since [working memory] is a necessary and important factor of goal-directed behaviors. ... One might argue that if subjects' attention to sexual stimuli and subsequent sexual arousal interfered with executive functioning and decision making, then they might be less able to monitor and control their own Internet sex use.
Researchers emphasized that subjective arousal while watching porn is the main predictor of degree of problems from Internet sex (as opposed to time spent watching and various other factors). The scientists noted parallels with substance addicts, for whom addiction-related cues lead to stronger attention capturing, high craving and an increased probability of relapse. They propose that a strong need to masturbate in response to porn might reflect underlying cravings and signal the presence of addiction.
In short, porn users who quit porn and then notice improvements in concentration and memory aren't imagining those improvements. The evidence suggests the improvements come down to the reversal of addiction-related alterations in the brain.
More self-reports relevant to concentration and Internet porn use:
"I think I'm on day thirteen or so now. I feel very focused and can concentrate better than usual. I keep eye contact when talking to people, and socialising feels more stable. I think my voice is deeper and sounds less "bothered" and more clear."
"When I was [using Internet porn] I had like this brain fog or constant hungover-like feeling, which made it hard for me to concentrate, talk to people or just do my everyday tasks. After 7-10 days this feeling went away. My mind became very clear, thoughts easy controllable, and I became much more relaxed in general."
"My memory has improved. I have very explicit dreams. Conversation is easy. I feel hungry again (metaphorically speaking)."
"I feel much more in control and calm now. Things are really going well for me now (in terms of my financial problems etc). My ability to concentrate and think logically has skyrocketed without the fog."
"I am currently at 14 days and it's an easy ride so far. The benefits I have noticed are vastly increased concentration and focus."
"Some of the benefits I have experienced: I am more sociable, I can retain and remember information a lot better. I remember events in my past life a lot better. I am not irritable, and am more focused. I can execute tasks a lot faster."
"Another really significant change is dream frequency or dream recall. I have had, and remembered, more dreams than ever since quitting porn. Don’t know what it is. Maybe my brain was exhausted by the porn before bed and didn't have the energy to dream or something."
"14 days - I'm amazed at how I remember all these details about her, whereas previously I would just be looking at a girls boobs, and if they weren't fake I wasn't interested."
"I've found my vocabulary has returned to a level that I remember it being at years ago."
"I can do other things. I feel other things. I want and desire other things. I am no longer always seeking my next fix. Porn images don't have the power they once had over me, nor am I a lust-ball all day. I am starting to finally have a mind that has the concentration to think about other things besides sex."
"Another result: my writing has gotten much better. I don't mean handwriting (though that got better too). I mean word choice, sentence structure, etc. During my first year of graduate school (which I just finished), writing was a real chore. Now, after no-porn, it's a pleasure. So easy and free. I have more words at my disposal, probably because my memory has improved in general."
90 days: -Much less anxiety -More discipline -Improved memory and focus -Increased sex drive with my girlfriend -More assertive -Better judgment.
"[6 weeks] My concentration, my effort, my attention to detail, my memory, my recall, and my social skills have all improved."
"Around the time I started using porn a few years ago, my memory began to fog. My whole life since then seemed like an unidentifiable blob. Now, a few months into recovery, past memories are coming to me. At first, I was in disbelief that they even happened because they are so joyful and carefree. Yet finally, after being frustrated with this for so long, I feel like this IS my life, and those happy memories are real. I have been struggling to feel any connection with my past life and actions. Now that my past is flying back at me, and it all feels terrific. Also, dreams. Even dreams that happened months ago are coming back to me, and it is also quite enjoyable."
"What I have noticed for myself is that abstaining from [porn] has dramatically improved my memory. The interesting thing, which I didn't even realize until just now, is that my blood sugar has been much more stable since I have not been experiencing orgasms. There is a connection between memory and high glucose in the brain or low. I just didn't think about how stable it’s been since NO masturbation to porn. Perhaps dopamine has an effect on how the brain processes sugars."
"3 weeks - My memory is a lot better. I don't have those brain-fart moments like I use to. Now things come to me easily, which is good."
"I have more energy than before, horny as hell but I can control it. My memory has gotten better. And I've got that social guy, who once lived in me, back. I got my charm back and it is worth every sleepless night and frustrated minute that I spent fighting this addiction.""[90-day report] Clearer mind. My mind had never been more clear in my life within those three months. The lack of fapping and porn really gives you a lot of time to think about your own life and puts everything into perspective."
"Things I have noticed: decreased anxiety, less mood swings, more social, more confidence, more ballsy when it comes to girls, urge to improve myself, better concentration, smoother talking, good jokes: bad jokes ratio improvement, you get the idea."
"(Day 15) - Positive Attitude
- - Motivation to do everyday tasks (and do them faster)
- - Sharper memory
- - More productive
- - More creative
- - Desire to take on and embrace responsibilities
- - Clearer head
- - Better ability to see the steps necessary to reach an end goal and to implement those steps
- - CONFIDENCE RETURNING, and continually increasing
- - General enjoyment of life
- - More present/attentive in conversations with others
- - Quicker wit, finding everything more humorous
- - Greater desire to socialize with others"
"Memory - always had a good one - but quitting put it through the roof. I could enter a room of 15 people and learn+ recall specifically all their phone numbers in under 5 min. GPA 4. Social anxiety and BS negative thinking ----> out with the trash."




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A NEW STUDY ARRIVED AFTER THIS ARTICLE
Study Shows Working Memory Is Driven By Prefrontal Cortex And Dopamine
December 18, 2012
One of the unique features of the human mind is its ability re-prioritize its goals and priorities as situations change and new information arises. This happens when you cancel a planned cruise because you need the money to repair your broke-down car, or when you interrupt your morning jog because your cell phone is ringing in your pocket.
In a new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), researchers from Princeton University say that they have discovered the mechanisms that control how our brains use new information to modify our existing priorities.
The team of researchers at Princeton’s Neuroscience Institute (PNI) used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to scan subjects and find out where and how the human brain reprioritizes goals. Unsurprisingly, they found that the shifting of goals takes place in the prefrontal cortex, a region of the brain which is known to be associated with a variety of higher-level behaviors. They also observed that the powerful neurotransmitter dopamine – also known as the “pleasure chemical” – appears to play a critical role in this process.
Using a harmless magnetic pulse, the scientists interrupted activity in the prefrontal cortex of the participants while they were playing games and found they were unable to switch to a different task in the game.
“We have found a fundamental mechanism that contributes to the brain’s ability to concentrate on one task and then flexibly switch to another task,” explained Jonathan Cohen, co-director of PNI and the university’s Robert Bendheim and Lynn Bendheim Thoman Professor in Neuroscience.
“Impairments in this system are central to many critical disorders of cognitive function such as those observed in schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder.”
Previous research had already demonstrated that when the brain uses new information to modify its goals or behaviors, this information is temporarily filed away into the brain’s working memory, a type of short-term memory storage. Until now, however, scientists have not understood the mechanisms controlling how this information is updated.
USING GAMES TO PINPOINT DECISION-MAKING
Together with the study’s lead author Kimberlee D’Ardenne of Virginia Tech as well as fellow researchers Neir Eshel, Joseph Luka, Agatha Lenartowicz and Leight Nystrom, Cohen and his team devised a study that allowed them to scan the brains of their subjects while they played a game. The game required the participants to press specific buttons depending on different visual cues. If they were shown the letter A before the letter X, they were asked to press a button labeled “1”. However, if they saw the letter B before the X, then they had to press a button labeled “2”.
In an earlier version of the task, however, participants were first asked to press the 1 button when they saw X regardless of which letters preceded it. Thus the A and B rule that was introduced in the second round served as the ‘new information’ that the participant had to use in order to update their goal of deciding which button to press.
Examining the fMRI afterwards, the researchers found increased activity in the right prefrontal cortex when participants were completing the more complex task that involved making a decision between two buttons based on the visual cues A and B. This was not the case, however, for the simpler version of the task.
Cohen’s results corroborate the findings of his own previous research project from 2010 which used a different scanning method to measure the timing of brain activity.
In the current study, the research team also delivered short magnetic pulses to the prefrontal cortex in order to confirm that this is in fact the brain region involved in updating working memory. Basing the timing of the pulse on the previous study, the scientists delivered the magnetic pulse at the precise moment when they believed the right prefrontal cortex should be updating memory. They found that if they delivered the pulse exactly 0.15 seconds after the participants saw the letters A or B, they were unable to hit the correct button. They were thus able to use the magnetic pulse to disrupt the memory-updating process.
“We predicted that if the pulse was delivered to the part of the right prefrontal cortex observed using fMRI, and at the time when the brain is updating its information as revealed by EEG, then the subject would not retain the information about A and B, interfering with his or her performance on the button-pushing task,” explained Cohen.
DOPAMINE AS THE GATEKEEPER OF OUR WORKING MEMORY
In the last part of the experiment, Cohen’s team wanted to test their theory that the neurotransmitter dopamine is responsible for tagging new information and important for updating working memory and goals as it enters the prefrontal cortex. Dopamine is a naturally occurring chemical that is known to play key roles in a number of mental processes like the ones that involve motivation and reward.
To do this, the team again used the fMRI to scan a region called the midbrain that is densely populated with specialized nerve cells – known as dopaminergic nuclei – that are responsible for producing most of the brain’s dopamine signals. The researchers tracked the activity of these dopamine-emitting nerve cells while participants performed the tasks and found a significant correlation between brain activity in these areas and in the right prefrontal cortex.
“The remarkable part was that the dopamine signals correlated both with the behavior of our volunteers and their brain activity in the prefrontal cortex,” explained Cohen.
“This constellation of findings provides strong evidence that the dopaminergic nuclei are enabling the prefrontal cortex to hold on to information that is relevant for updating behavior, but not information that isn’t.”
Professor David Badre of Brown University, a specialist in cognitive, linguistic and psychological sciences, believes that the work of Cohen’s team represents a large step forward in science’s attempt to understand how our brain updates its working memory.
Anyone notice a memory increase? (ignore badge I'm resetting)
Anyone notice a memory increase? (ignore badge I'm resetting)
KojaKhan
Damn you, Brain fog.
Damn you, Brain fog.
Musings on day 50, benefits,
my brain has become ridiculously sharper, to the point where I
Strange effects of NoFap
by TheVeeginator20 days
stopped fapping and looking at porn - the brain fog is gone.
Obligatory 90-day, and where
Obligatory 90-day, and where I'm going from here...
My concentration in class has increased dramatically!
I've gained 'super-powers', and I've seen this mental state befo
Does anyone notice an
REPLY 1)
REPLY 2)
improvement
Yes, there will be improvement in memory and energy levels.ability to cope pressure and difficult circumstances also increases as brain is relieved of ....
I can concentrate in homework more, be more productive
Anybody a false positive for ADD/ADHD before finding this sub?
link to reddit/nofap thread -
Anybody a false positive for ADD/ADHD before finding this sub?
The dopamine thing. What if you have ADHD?
The dopamine thing. What if you have ADHD?
amirborna131
Gyrolin279 days
recover92153 days
Now i can focus more than before. i memorize a lot of things...
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